A sesamoid fracture is a break in the sesamoid bone. Sesamoids are two small, pea-shaped bones located in the ball beneath the big toe joint at the bottom of the foot. Sesamoid bones are connected to muscles and other bones by tendons that envelop these bones. Sesamoids help the big toe move normally and absorb the weight placed on the ball. A podiatrist is a doctor specializing in the treatment of foot problems including sesamoid fractures.
Pain in the ball of the foot and the big toe is the most common symptom. You may also experience bruising, swelling, tenderness, and limited range of motion.
A direct blow, trauma or landing on your foot incorrectly while playing sports can cause acute fractures. Chronic fractures are tiny hairline cracks in the bone, most often caused due to repeated stress. Sesamoid fractures are common in people involved in running, ballet dancing, aerobics, and high-impact sports like basketball.
One or both of the sesamoid bones lie near the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. Untreated sesamoid fractures can cause cartilage problems and arthritis of the MTP joint.
Your doctor will assess your symptoms and take a medical history. Physical examination of the foot will be performed by moving your big toe. Your walking pattern will also be analyzed. Imaging studies such as X-ray, MRI or CT-scan will be ordered to confirm the diagnosis.
Your treatment plan may include:
Surgery is recommended if you do not respond to non-surgical treatment options. Stabilization of the bone will be achieved by the screw fixation technique. Sesamoidectomy (removal of sesamoid bone) may be performed in severe cases.